Bastnaesite
Neodymium, Helu atomic 60, kaumaha atomika 144.24, me ka maʻiʻo o 0.00239% i loko o ka crust, nui loa i loko o ka monazite a me ka bastnaesite.ʻEhiku isotopes o neodymium ma ke ʻano:neodymium142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 148, a me 150, me ka neodymium 142 loaʻa ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe loa.Me ka hānau ʻana opraseodymiumʻeleu,neodymiumʻeleu pū kekahi.Ka hiki ana mai oneodymiumua ho'āla ka element i kahonua lahakahua, ua hana nui i kahonua lahakahua, a hoomalu i kahonua lahamakeke.
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana oNeodymium
ʻO Karl von Welsbach (1858-1929), ka mea nāna i ʻikeNeodymium
I ka makahiki 1885, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Carl Auer von Welsbach ka mea hoʻokalakupua Austrianneodymiumma Vienna.Ua kaʻawale ʻo ianeodymiumapraseodymiummai ka likelikeneodymiumnā mea waiwai ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka ammonium dinitrate tetrahydrate mai ka waikawa nitric, a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou ma o ka loiloi spectral.Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka makahiki 1925 i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma kahi ʻano maʻemaʻe.
Mai ka makahiki 1950, ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (ma luna o 99%)neodymiumua loaʻa nui ma o ke kaʻina hana hoʻololi ion o ka monazite.Loaʻa ka metala ma ka electrolysis o kāna mau paʻakai halide.I kēia manawa, ka hapa nuineodymiumlawe ʻia mai ka pōhaku Bastana (Ce, La, Nd, Pr) CO3F a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana.Mālama ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka Ion no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe loa (maʻa mau> 99.99%).Ma muli o ka paʻakikī i ka wehe ʻana i nā meheu hope opraseodymiumi ke au o ka hana ʻana e hilinaʻi ana i ka ʻenehana crystallization step-by-step, muaneodymiumʻO ke aniani i hana ʻia i ka makahiki 1930, ʻoi aku ka maʻemaʻe o ka poni a i ʻole ka ʻalani ma mua o nā mana hou.
Metala neodymiumLoaʻa iā ia kahi luster kala kala ʻulaʻula, kahi heheʻe o 1024 ° C, a me kahi mānoanoa o 7.004g/cm ³， He paramagnetism.Neodymiumʻo ia kekahi o nā mea ikaika loametala lepo laha ole, ka mea e hoʻoheheʻe koke ʻia a pōʻeleʻele i ka lewa, e hana ana i kahi papa oxide a laila e peʻe, e hōʻike ana i ka metala no ka hoʻohemo hou ʻana.No laila, he kenimika ka nuineodymiumhāʻawi ʻia ka hāpana i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki.E hana mālie i ka wai anuanu a me ka wikiwiki i ka wai wela.
Neodymiumhoʻolālā uila
Hoʻolālā uila:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f4
Ka hana laser oneodymiumma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o 4f orbital electrons ma waena o nā pae ikehu like ʻole.Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mea laser i ke kamaʻilio, ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻike, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka hana mechanical, a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.Iwaena o lakou,alumini yttriumgarnet Y3Al5O12: Nd (YAG: Nd) hoʻohana nui ʻia no kāna hana maikaʻi loa, a me Nd doped.gadolinium scandiumgallium garnet me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Noi oneodymium
ʻO ka mea hoʻohana nui loa oneodymiumʻO ka neodymium hao boron mau mea magnet.He huahana ikehu kiʻekiʻe ka neodymium iron boron magnets a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "ke aliʻi o nā magnet mau loa".Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā ʻoihana e like me ka uila a me nā mīkini ma muli o kā lākou hana maikaʻi loa.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Francis Wall, he kaukaʻi o ka mining noiʻi ma ke kula ʻo Cumburn School of Mining ma ke Kulanui o Exeter ma UK, "Ma ke ʻano o nā magnets, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻokūkū meneodymium.”ʻO ka holomua ʻana o ka Alpha magnetic spectrometer e hōʻailona ana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole o Kina o nā neodymium iron boron magnets i hiki i nā pae honua.
Neodymium magnet ma ka paakiki
Neodymiumhiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā seramika, aniani ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, nā rubi artificial i nā lasers, a me ke aniani kūikawā hiki ke kānana i nā kukuna infrared.Hoʻohana pū ʻia mepraseodymiume hana i na maka aniani no na mea puhi aniani.
Hoʻohui i ka 1.5% i ka 2.5% nanoneodymium oxidei ka magnesium a i ʻole nā alumini alumini hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana kiʻekiʻe-mehana, airtightness, a me ka corrosion kūpaʻa o ka alloy, a hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea aerospace.
Nanomekaalumini yttriumgarnet doped meneodymium oxidehoʻopuka i nā kukuna laser hawewe pōkole, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana no ka wili a me ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea lahilahi me ka mānoanoa o lalo o 10mm.
Nd: YAG lāʻau laser
Ma ka hana lapaʻau, nanoalumini yttriumʻO nā laser garnet doped me ka nanoMaʻemaʻe Kiʻekiʻe 99.9% Neodymium Oxide CAS No 1313-97-9 (epomaterial.com)hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi o nā pahi ʻokiʻoki no ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻeha hoʻomaʻamaʻa a disinfect paha.
Neodymiumhana ʻia ke aniani ma ka hoʻohui ʻananeodymium oxidei ke aniani hehee.ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ka lavenderneodymiumaniani ma lalo o ka lā a i ʻole ke kukui ʻulaʻula, akā ʻike ʻia he uliuli ʻulaʻula ma lalo o ke kukui uila.Neodymiumhiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kala i nā aka aniani e like me ka violet maʻemaʻe, burgundy, a me ka hina hina.
Neodymiumaniani
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻenehana honua laha,neodymiume loaʻa i kahi ākea ākea no ka hoʻohana ʻana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-26-2023