ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa ikaika hou e hoʻokau i ka hoihoi o ka mākeke honua

I kēia mau lā, i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o nā mea kūʻai nui kūloko a me nā mea kūʻai nui ʻole ferrous metala, ua ulu maikaʻi ke kumu kūʻai o nā ʻāina laha ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa, kahi ākea ke kumukūʻai a piʻi ka hana a nā mea kālepa. .No ka laʻana, paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o ka praseodymium a me ka neodymium metal i ʻOkakopa, a ua lilo nā kūʻai kūʻai kiʻekiʻe i mea maʻamau i ka ʻoihana.ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ka praseodymium neodymium metala i hiki i 910,000 yuan/ton, a ʻo ke kumu kūʻai o ka praseodymium neodymium oxide i mālama ʻia i ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe o 735,000 a 740,000 yuan/ton.

Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe loiloi mākeke ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka honua ma muli o nā hopena i hui pū ʻia o ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi i kēia manawa, hoʻemi ʻia ka lako a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.Me ka hiki ʻana mai o ke kau kauoha kiʻekiʻe i ka hapahā ʻehā, ke piʻi mau nei nā kumukūʻai o ka honua.ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke kumu o kēia piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka honua laha ʻole e alakaʻi nui ʻia e ka noi no ka ikehu hou.I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka honua kaʻa ʻole he holo ma luna o ka ikehu hou.

Wahi a nā ʻikepili pili, i nā hapaha mua ʻekolu o kēia makahiki, koʻu ʻāina's hou ikehu kaʻa kuai i hiki i ka hou kiʻekiʻe.Mai Ianuali a Sepatemaba, ʻo ka nui o ke kūʻai aku o nā kaʻa ikehu hou ma Kina he 2.157 miliona, he hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 1.9 manawa a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki-ma-makahiki o 1.4 mau manawa.11.6% o ka hui's hou kaa kuai.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa ikehu hou ua pōmaikaʻi nui i ka ʻoihana honua rare.ʻO NdFeB kekahi o lākou.Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia mea magnetic kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻano o nā kaʻa, ka makani makani, nā mea kūʻai uila a pēlā aku.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua piʻi nui ka noi o ka mākeke no NdFeB.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hoʻololi o ka hoʻolālā ʻai i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala iho nei, ua pālua ka hapa o nā kaʻa ikehu hou.

Wahi a ka hoʻomaka ʻana e ka loea ʻAmelika ʻo David Abraham i ka puke "Periodic Table of Elements", ua lako nā kaʻa hou (new energy) me nā mea magnet 40, ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau mea ʻike, a hoʻohana kokoke i 500 grams o nā mea honua.Pono kēlā me kēia kaʻa hybrid e hoʻohana a hiki i ka 1.5 kilokani o nā mea magnetic honua.No nā kaʻa kaʻa nui, ʻo ka hemahema o ka chip e ulu nei i kēia manawa ʻo ia wale nō nā hemahema palupalu, nā pōkole pōkole, a me nā "poʻe honua ma luna o nā huila" i ke kaulahao hoʻolako.

Aberahama'ʻAʻole hoʻonui ka ʻōlelo.ʻO ka ʻoihana honua laha ʻole e pāʻani i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa ikehu hou.E like me ka neodymium iron boron, he mea nui ia o nā kaʻa ikehu hou.Ke nānā hou aku nei i luna, neodymium, praseodymium a me dysprosium i nā ʻāina laha ʻole he mea waiwai nui no ka boron hao neodymium.ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka mākeke kaʻa kaʻa hou e alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi no nā mea ʻāina like ʻole e like me neodymium.

Ma lalo o ka pahuhopu o ka peak carbon a me ka neutrality carbon, e hoʻomau ka ʻāina i ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāna mau kulekele e hāpai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa ikehu hou.Ua hoʻopuka hou ka ʻAha Mokuʻāina i ka "Carbon Peaking Action Plan in 2030", e manaʻo nei e hoʻoikaika ikaika i nā kaʻa ikehu hou, e hoʻemi mālie i ka ʻāpana o nā kaʻa wahie kuʻuna i ka hana kaʻa hou a me nā paʻa kaʻa, e hoʻolaha i nā koho electrified i nā kaʻa lawelawe aupuni, a paipai i ka uila a me ka hydrogen.ʻO nā kaʻa ukana kaumaha i ka wahie, wai wai maoli.Ua wehewehe pū ka Hoʻolālā Hana i ka makahiki 2030, e hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka ikehu hou a me nā kaʻa e hoʻohana ʻia i ka ikehu maʻemaʻe i 40%, a e hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu kalapona i kēlā me kēia pule o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā kaʻa hana e 9.5% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2020.

He pōmaikaʻi nui kēia i ka ʻoihana honua rare.Wahi a nā manaʻo hoʻohālikelike, e hoʻomaka nā kaʻa ikehu hou i ka ulu pahū ma mua o 2030, a e kūkulu hou ka ʻoihana kaʻa a me ka hoʻohana kaʻa o koʻu ʻāina a puni nā kumu ikehu hou.Huna ʻia ma hope o kēia pahuhopu macro ka koi nui no nā honua laha.ʻO ka noi no nā kaʻa ikaika hou ua helu ʻia no 10% o ka noi no nā huahana NdFeB kiʻekiʻe, a ma kahi o 30% o ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi.Ke manaʻo nei e hiki ke kūʻai aku i nā kaʻa ikehu hou ma kahi o 18 miliona ma 2025, e piʻi ka noi no nā kaʻa ikehu hou i 27.4%.

Me ka holomua o ka pahuhopu "lua kalapona", e kākoʻo ikaika nā aupuni kikowaena a me nā aupuni kūloko i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa ikehu hou, a e hoʻomau ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i kekahi mau kulekele kākoʻo.No laila, inā ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ikehu hou i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka pahuhopu "ʻelua carbon", a i ʻole ka boom i ka mākeke kaʻa ikehu hou, ua lawe mai ia i kahi hoʻonui nui.