Ua hiki mai ka wā e hiki mai ana, a ua hele mālie nā kānaka i kahi hui ʻōmaʻomaʻo a haʻahaʻa-carbon.honua laha oleHe kuleana koʻikoʻi nā mea i ka hana makani makani, nā kaʻa ikehu hou, nā robots akamai, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hydrogen, nā kukui mālama ikehu, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana.
honua laha olehe hua'ōlelo hui no 17 metala, meyttrium, scandium, a me 15 mau mea lanthanide.ʻO ka mīkini kaʻa ka mea nui o nā robots naʻauao, a ʻo kāna hana hui e hoʻokō nui ʻia e ka mīkini kaʻa.ʻO nā motors servo synchronous magnet mau ka mea nui, e koi ana i ka mana kiʻekiʻe i ka ratio nui a me ka torque inertia ratio, kiʻekiʻe hoʻomaka torque, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me kahi ākea ākea a maʻalahi.Hiki i ka neodymium hao boron mau mākēneki kiʻekiʻe ke hoʻoikaika i ka neʻe ʻana o ka robota, wikiwiki, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
Nui nō hoʻi nā noi kalapona haʻahaʻa onā ʻāina laha ʻolema ke kahua kaʻa kaʻa kuʻuna, e like me ke aniani hoʻoluʻu, hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻopau, a me nā kaʻa hoʻokele mau.No ka manawa lōʻihi,cerium(Ce) ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i loko o ke aniani automotive, ʻaʻole ia e pale wale i nā kukuna ultraviolet akā e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana i loko o ke kaʻa, a laila e mālama ai i ka uila no ka ea ea.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea nui ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kinoea hoʻopau.I kēia manawa, nui ka heluceriumʻO nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe honua ʻaʻole e hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka lewa.Nui nā hoʻohana ʻana o ka honua laha ʻole i nā ʻenehana ʻōmaʻomaʻo kalapona haʻahaʻa.
Nā ʻāina laha ʻoleHoʻohana nui ʻia lākou no ka mea he thermoelectric maikaʻi loa, magnetic, a me nā waiwai optical.Hāʻawi ka ʻenehana uila kūikawā i nā mea waiwai o ka honua me nā waiwai waiwai a me ka waihoʻoluʻu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻihonua lahaLoaʻa nā mea i kahi sublayer electron 4f, i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka pae ikehu".ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka sublayer electron 4f wale nō nā pae ikehu 7 nani, akā loaʻa pū kekahi i ʻelua mau uhi pale "ʻeleu ikaika" o 5d a me 6s ma ka ʻaoʻao.ʻO kēia mau pae ikehu 7 e like me nā pēpē daimana, ʻokoʻa a hoihoi.ʻO nā electrons i hui ʻole ʻia ma nā pae ikehu ʻehiku ʻaʻole wale lākou e hoʻololi iā lākou iho, akā ʻo ka orbit a puni ka nucleus, e hana ana i nā manawa magnetic like ʻole a me ka hana ʻana i nā magnet me nā koʻi like ʻole.Kākoʻo ʻia kēia mau micro magnetic e nā ʻāpana ʻelua o nā uhi pale, e hoʻomake nui iā lākou.Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka magnetism o nā metala honua laha loa e hana i nā mea mana kiʻekiʻe, i hoʻopau ʻia ʻo "rare earth permanent magnets".Na waiwai pohihihi onā ʻāina laha ʻoleke ʻimi nei a ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe ʻepekema a hiki i kēia lā.
He hana maʻalahi nā mea neodymium adhesive, ke kumu kūʻai liʻiliʻi, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ka pololei kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kahua magnetic paʻa.Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā kula e like me ka ʻenehana ʻike, automation office, a me nā mea uila uila.Loaʻa i nā magnet neodymium wela nā mea maikaʻi o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi, a me ka coercivity kiʻekiʻe.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o nā honua laha ʻole i ke kaʻina hana o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka naʻauao haʻahaʻa carbon no ke kanaka.
Source: Science Popularization Kina
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-24-2023