Puna: Cailian News Agency
I kēia mau lā, ua mālama ʻia ke kolu o China Rare Earth Industry Chain Forum ma 2023 ma Ganzhou.Ua aʻo mai kahi mea kākau moʻolelo mai Cailian News Agency mai ka hālāwai ʻana he manaʻo maikaʻi ka ʻoihana no ka ulu hou ʻana o ka noi honua laha ʻole i kēia makahiki, a he mau manaʻolana no ka hoʻolalelale ʻana i ka nui o ka mana o nā ʻāina laha ʻole a mālama i nā kumukūʻai paʻa honua.Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolako ʻana, hiki ke hoʻomau i ka emi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka honua.
ʻO Cailian News Agency, Malaki 29(Reporter Wang Bin) ʻO ke kumu kūʻai a me ka puʻupuʻu ʻelua mau huaʻōlelo nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana honua laha i nā makahiki i hala.I kēia mau lā, ua mālama ʻia ke kolu o China Rare Earth Industry Chain Forum ma 2023 ma Ganzhou.Ua aʻo mai kahi mea kākau moʻolelo mai Cailian News Agency mai ka hālāwai ʻana he manaʻo maikaʻi ka ʻoihana no ka ulu hou ʻana o ka noi honua laha ʻole i kēia makahiki, a he mau manaʻolana no ka hoʻolalelale ʻana i ka nui o ka mana o nā ʻāina laha ʻole a mālama i nā kumukūʻai paʻa honua.Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻolako ʻana, hiki ke hoʻomau i ka emi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka honua.
Eia kekahi, nui ka poʻe loea i ka hālāwai i kuhikuhi i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana honua ʻokoʻa pono e hana i nā holomua i nā ʻenehana koʻikoʻi.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Liu Gang, he lālā o ka National Development and Reform Commission a me ka hope mayor o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, "I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka holomua o ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe honua a Kina i ka honua, akā i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea waiwai honua hou. a me ka hana ʻana i nā lako kī nui, aia nō ia ma hope o ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka honua.ʻO ka uhaki ʻana i ka patent patent ʻē aʻe he pilikia lōʻihi e kū ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana honua laha ʻole o Kina.
E emi ana paha ke kumu kūʻai o ka honua kakaʻikahi
"ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka pahu kalapona ʻelua ua hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana e like me ka makani makani a me nā kaʻa ikehu hou, e alakaʻi ana i ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka noi no nā mea magnet mau loa, ka wahi ʻai nui loa o lalo o nā ʻāina laha.Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻaʻole i hiki i ka nui o nā hōʻailona mana o nā ʻāina laha ʻole ke hoʻokō i ka ulu ʻana o ka noi o lalo, a aia kekahi ʻāpana lako a me ke koi i ka mākeke.Wahi a kekahi kanaka pili i ka ʻoihana honua.
Wahi a Chen Zhanheng, Hope Kakauolelo Nui o ka China Rare Earth Industry Association, ua lilo ka lako waiwai i bottleneck i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻāina ʻo Kina.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i nā manawa he nui i ka palena nui o ke kulekele hoʻokele waiwai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana honua, a he mea pono e hoʻoikaika no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka nui o ka mana o nā minelala o ka honua māmā i ka hiki ke hiki, e ʻae ana i ka mālamalama o ka honua. nā ʻoihana mining e like me Northern Rare Earth a me Sichuan Jiangtong e hoʻonohonoho i kā lākou hana ponoʻī e pili ana i kā lākou hana ponoʻī, ka lako o ka honua laha, a me ka noi mākeke.
Ma ka lā 24 o Malaki, ua hoʻopuka ʻia ka "Notice on the Total Amount Control Indicators for the First Batch of Rare Earth Mining, Smelting, and Separation in 2023" i hoʻopuka ʻia, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā hōʻailona mana e 18.69% i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hui like ma 2022. Ua wānana ʻo Wang Ji, ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka Rare and Precious Metals Division o Shanghai Iron and Steel Union, e piʻi aʻe ka huina o ka mining, hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka lua o nā hōʻailona o ka honua ma kahi o 10% a 15% i ka hapa lua. o ka makahiki.
ʻO ka manaʻo o Wang Ji, ua loli ka pilina ma waena o ka lako a me ka koi o praseodymium a me neodymium, ua maʻalahi ke kumu hoʻolako paʻa o ka praseodymium a me ka neodymium oxide, aia i kēia manawa he hapa nui o nā metala, a ʻaʻole i hoʻokō nā kauoha mai nā ʻoihana mea hoʻokalakupua i lalo. .Pono nā kumukūʻai Praseodymium a me neodymium i ke kākoʻo o nā mea kūʻai aku.No laila, ʻo ke kumukūʻai pōkole o ka praseodymium a me ka neodymium ke hoʻomau ʻia e ka hoʻoponopono nāwaliwali, a ʻo ke kumukūʻai fluctuation o ka praseodymium a me ka neodymium oxide i wānana ʻia he 48-62 miliona / ton.
Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka China Rare Earth Industry Association, mai ka lā Malaki 27, ʻo ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau o praseodymium a me neodymium oxide he 553000 yuan/ton, ma lalo o 1/3 mai ke kumu kūʻai awelika o ka makahiki i hala a kokoke i ke kumu kūʻai ma Malaki 2021. A ʻO 2021 ka helu inflection loaʻa o ke kaulahao ʻoihana honua ʻokoʻa.Ua manaʻo nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana ʻo nā wahi wale nō i ʻike ʻia no ka ulu ʻana o ka noi no ka honua mau loa i kēia makahiki, ʻo ia nā kaʻa ikehu hou, nā ea air conditioners, a me nā robots ʻoihana, aʻo nā wahi ʻē aʻe ke emi nei.
Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Liu Jing, Hope Pelekikena o Shanghai Iron and Steel Union, "Ma ke ʻano o nā terminals, ua manaʻo ʻia e ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka ulu ʻana o nā kauoha ma nā kahua o ka makani makani, air conditioning, a me ʻekolu Cs e lohi, ka papa kuhikuhi. e lilo ana ka pōkole, a e piʻi mau ana nā kumukūʻai o nā kumulāʻau, ʻoiai e emi mālie ana ka ʻae ʻana i ka terminal, e hana ana i ka stalemate ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o nā mea maka, ka lawe ʻana mai a me ka mining oka maka e hoʻomau i kahi piʻi, akā ʻaʻole lawa ka hilinaʻi o ka mea kūʻai aku.
Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Liu Gang i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua piʻi nui ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o nā huahana mineral honua, kahi i hoʻonui nui ai i nā kumukūʻai hana o nā ʻoihana hope i ke kaulahao ʻoihana. nā pōmaikaʻi a i ʻole nā poho koʻikoʻi, e alakaʻi ana i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka "hōʻemi ʻana a i ʻole hiki ke pale ʻia, hoʻololi a kōkua ʻole" paha, e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana o ke kaulahao ʻoihana honua āpau."ʻO ke kaulahao ʻoihana honua ʻokoʻa he mau node kaulahao lako, nā kaulahao lōʻihi, a me nā loli wikiwiki.ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano kumu kūʻai o ka ʻoihana honua ʻaʻole kūpono wale i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pono o ka ʻoihana, akā hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi hoʻi i ka hoʻokūkū ʻoihana.
Manaʻo ʻo Chen Zhanheng e hoʻomau ka emi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻāina laha ʻole."He mea paʻakikī i ka ʻoihana o lalo ke ʻae i ke kumukūʻai o ka praseodymium neodymium oxide ma mua o 800000 no ka ton, a ʻaʻole ia e ʻae ʻia no ka ʻoihana mana makani ma mua o 600000 no ton.ʻO ke kahe kūʻai kūʻai hou ʻana o nā kūʻai kūʻai ʻana ma ke Kūʻai Kūʻai he hōʻailona maopopo loa: i ka wā ma mua, ua wikiwiki ke kūʻai, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe mea e kūʻai.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomau i ka "mining a me ke kūʻai ʻana i luna" o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka honua
Ke lilo nei ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻāina laha ʻole i kumu waiwai ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka ʻāina laha ʻole.Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Wang Ji i ka makahiki 2022, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka praseodymium recycled a me ka neodymium i helu ʻia no 42% o ke kumu metala o praseodymium a me neodymium.Wahi a nā helu helu mai Shanghai Steel Union (300226. SZ), hiki i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻōpala NdFeB ma Kina i 70000 tons i 2022.
Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka hana ʻana o nā huahana like mai ka ʻeleʻele maka, ʻo ka hana hou ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōpala lepo laha ʻole he nui nā mea maikaʻi: nā kaʻina pōkole, nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, a hoʻemi ʻia "ʻekolu mau ʻōpala".Hoʻohana kūpono ʻo ia i nā kumuwaiwai, hoʻemi i ka haumia o ke kaiapuni, a pale pono i nā kumu waiwai o ka honua.
Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Liu Weihua, Luna Hoʻokele o Huahong Technology (002645. SZ) a me ka luna hoʻomalu o Anxintai Technology Co., Ltd., he kumu waiwai kūikawā nā kumuwaiwai lua honua.I ka wā o ka hana ʻana o ka neodymium iron boron magnetic material, ma kahi o 25% a 30% o ka ʻōpala kihi i hana ʻia, a ʻo kēlā me kēia ton o praseodymium a me neodymium oxide i hoʻihoʻi ʻia e like me ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 10000 tons o ka honua ion ore a i ʻole 5 tons o ka honua maka. oka.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Liu Weihua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka neodymium, hao, a me ka boron i loaʻa mai nā kaʻa uila ʻelua huila i kēia manawa ma mua o 10000 tons, a ʻo ka wehe ʻana o nā kaʻa uila huila ʻelua e hoʻonui nui ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana."E like me nā helu helu ʻole, ʻo ka ʻikepili pili o nā kaʻa uila ʻelua huila ma Kina ma kahi o 200 miliona mau ʻāpana, a ʻo ka puka makahiki o nā kaʻa uila ʻelua ma kahi o 50 miliona mau ʻāpana.Me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kulekele mālama kaiapuni, e wikiwiki ka mokuʻāina i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kaʻa huila ʻelua huila i hana ʻia i ka wā mua, a ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui nui ʻia ka wehe ʻana o nā kaʻa uila ʻelua i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
"Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, hoʻomau ka mokuʻāina i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā papahana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai honua ʻole, a e hoʻopau i kekahi mau ʻoihana hana hou.Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, pili nā hui nui a me nā mākeke kālā, e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū.ʻO ke ola o ka poʻe kūpono e hoʻonui mālie i ka manaʻo o ka ʻoihana," wahi a Liu Weihua.
Wahi a kahi mea kākau moʻolelo mai Cailian News Agency, aia i kēia manawa ma kahi o 40 mau ʻoihana e hana nei i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea neodymium, hao, a me boron recycled a puni ka ʻāina, me ka nui o ka hana ʻana ma luna o 60000 tons REO.Ma waena o lākou, ʻo nā ʻoihana ʻelima kiʻekiʻe i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana no ka aneane 70% o ka hiki ke hana.
He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻoihana neodymium iron boron recycling i kēia manawa ke ʻike nei i kahi ʻano o ka "kūʻai hou a kūʻai aku", ʻo ia hoʻi, kūʻai kiʻekiʻe a kūʻai haʻahaʻa.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Liu Weihua, mai ka hapaha ʻelua o ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻōpala honua i loko o kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i lalo, ke kaohi nui ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o kēia ʻoihana.Wahi a Liu Weihua, ʻekolu kumu nui o kēia ʻano: ʻo ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka mana hana o nā ʻoihana recycling, ka emi ʻana o ka noi terminal, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kumu hoʻohālike metala a me nā ʻōpala e nā hui nui e hōʻemi i ke kahe o ka mākeke ʻōpala. .
Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Liu Weihua, ʻo ka hiki ke hoʻihoʻi hou i ka honua maʻamau ma ka ʻāina he 60000 tons, a i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui i ka mana ma kahi kokoke i 80000 tons, a ua hopena i ka overcapacity koʻikoʻi."E pili ana kēia i ka hoʻololi ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hiki ke loaʻa, a me ka mana hou o ka hui honua rare."
E pili ana i ka mākeke no ka hana hou ʻana o ka honua i kēia makahiki, manaʻo ʻo Wang Ji i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi nā kauoha mai nā hui mea magnetic, a ua kaupalena ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻōpala.Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole e loli nui ka puka ʻana o ka oxide mai ka ʻōpala.
Ua haʻi ʻia kahi mea ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻaʻole makemake e kapa ʻia i ka Cailian News Agency ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia ka "mining and marketing upside down" o ka hana hou ʻana o ka honua.Me ka hāʻule mau ʻana o nā kumukūʻai o ka honua rare, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohuli ʻia kēia ʻano.Ua ʻike ʻia kahi mea kākau moʻolelo mai Cailian News Agency i kēia manawa, hoʻolālā ʻo Ganzhou Waste Alliance e kūʻai pū i nā mea maka ma ke kumu kūʻai hoʻemi."I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, nui nā mea kanu ʻōpala i pani ʻia a i hoʻemi ʻia i ka hana ʻana, a i kēia manawa ʻo nā mea kanu ʻōpala ka mea nui," wahi a ka mea hoʻopuka ʻoihana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-30-2023