ʻAʻole ʻike nui paha ka hapa nui e pili ana i ka honua rare, a ʻaʻole maopopo i ke ʻano o ka lilo ʻana o ka honua laha i kumu waiwai hoʻohālikelike e like me ka ʻaila.
No ka hoʻopuka maʻalahi, ʻo nā ʻāina laha ʻole he pūʻulu o nā mea metala maʻamau, he mea waiwai nui, ʻaʻole wale no ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia, paʻakikī e hoʻokaʻawale, hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe, akā no ka mea hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka mahiʻai. ʻoihana, pūʻali koa a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, he kākoʻo koʻikoʻi ia no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hou a me kahi kumu waiwai nui e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana pale aupuni.
ʻO ka Mine Rare Earth (Source: Xinhuanet)
I loko o ka ʻoihana, ʻo ka honua rare he "vitamina".He mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia ma nā kahua o nā mea e like me ka fluorescence, magnetism, laser, optical fiber communication, hydrogen storage energy, superconductivity, etc.
- ʻO ka pūʻali koa, ʻo ka honua ʻokoʻa ka "core".I kēia manawa, loaʻa ka honua kakaʻikahi ma kahi kokoke i nā mea kaua kiʻekiʻe a pau, a ʻo nā mea honua kakaʻikahi ke loaʻa pinepine i ke kumu o nā mea kaua kiʻekiʻe.No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ka Patriot missile ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e pili ana i 3 kilokani o ka samarium cobalt magnets a me ka neodymium iron boron magnets i kāna ʻōnaehana alakaʻi no ka uila uila e kālele pono ana i nā missiles e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka fighter a me ka māmā a me ka fuselage paʻa ke hilinaʻi nei i ka honua laha.Ua ʻōlelo kekahi luna koa mua o ʻAmelika: "ʻO nā hana mana o ka pūʻali koa i ke Kaua ʻo Gulf War a me ka hiki ke hoʻokele asymmetric o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā kaua kūloko ma hope o ke Kaua Cold, ma kekahi ʻano, he honua kakaʻikahi i hana i kēia mau mea āpau.
Mea kaua F-22 (Source: Baidu Encyclopedia)
—— ʻO nā honua laha ʻole "ma nā wahi a pau" o ke ola.ʻO kā mākou pale kelepona paʻalima, LED, kamepiula, pahupaʻikiʻi…
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻenehana hou ʻehā i kū mai i kēia ao, pono kekahi o ia mau mea pili i ka honua rare!
He aha ke ʻano o ka honua me ka ʻole o ka honua rare?
Ua pane ka Wall Street Journal o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka lā 28 o Kepakemapa, 2009 i kēia nīnau-me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka honua kakaʻikahi, ʻaʻole mākou e loaʻa hou nā pale TV, nā diski paʻa kamepiula, nā uwea fiber optic, nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi a me ka nui o nā lako kiʻi olakino.ʻO ka honua laʻa kahi mea e hoʻokumu ai i nā magnet ikaika.He kakaikahi ka poʻe i ʻike he mea koʻikoʻi loa nā mea hoʻokalakupua ikaika i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho missile āpau i nā waihona pale kaua US. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka honua, pono ʻoe e ʻōlelo aloha i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lewa a me ka satellite, a e pau ka holo ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila honua.ʻO ka Rare Earth kahi kumu waiwai e nānā nui ai nā kānaka i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "he aila ma ka Hikina Waena a me ka honua ʻeʻe ma Kina" e hōʻike ana i ke kūlana o nā kumu waiwai ʻāina laha ʻole o Kina.
Ke nānā nei i kahi kiʻi, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā mines ʻāina liʻiliʻi ma Kina e "holo i ka lepo" ma ka honua.I ka makahiki 2015, he 55 miliona mau tons ko Kina, he 42.3% o ka huina o ka honua, ʻo ia ka mea mua ma ka honua.ʻO Kina wale nō ka ʻāina e hiki ke hāʻawi i nā ʻano metala honua 17 āpau, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻāina laha ʻole me ka hoʻohana pūʻali koa koʻikoʻi, a ʻo Kina ka hapa nui. ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% o nā waihona o nā kumu waiwai honua ma Kina.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mana monopoly o Kina ma kēia kahua, makaʻu wau ʻoiai ʻo ka Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), nona ka 69% o ke kālepa aila o ka honua, e kanikau.
(NA 'o ia ho'i 'a'ole hua, K 'o ia ka li'ili'i o ka hua a hiki ke nānā 'ole 'ia. Source: American Statistical Network)
ʻAʻole kūlike nā mea mālama a me nā mea hoʻopuka o nā mines honua ma Kina.Mai ka helu i luna, ʻoiai he kiʻekiʻe ka mālama honua ʻana o Kina, ʻaʻole ia he "kūʻokoʻa".Eia naʻe, i ka makahiki 2015, he 120,000 tons ka loaʻa ʻana o ka minerala honua koʻikoʻi honua, a ua hāʻawi ʻo Kina i 105,000 tons, ʻo ia ka 87.5% o ka huina o ka honua.
Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻimi ʻana, hiki ke ʻeli ʻia nā ʻāina laha ʻole ma ka honua no kahi kokoke i 1,000 mau makahiki, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole liʻiliʻi loa nā honua laha i ka honua.ʻOi aku ka manaʻo o Kina i ka honua laha ʻole i ka hoʻopuka ʻana ma mua o nā waihona.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jul-04-2022