He aha nā huahana honua ʻokoʻa ma Kina?

(1)Minerale honua laha olehuahana
ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā kumu waiwai ʻāina laha ʻole o Kina wale nō nā waihona nui a me nā ʻano mineral piha, akā hoʻolaha nui ʻia ma 22 mau panalāʻau a me nā ʻāpana o ka ʻāina. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā waihona ʻāina laha ʻole e ʻeli nui ʻia nei, ʻo ia ka Baotou i hui ʻia i ka ʻai laha ʻole, ion adsorption rare earth ore i hōʻike ʻia e Jiangxi a me Guangdong, a me ka fluorocarbon ore i hōʻike ʻia e Mianning, Sichuan. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ua māhele ʻia nā huahana nui o ka honua i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: fluorocarbon ore - monazite mixed rare earth ore (Baotou rare earth concentrate), southern ion type rare earth concentrate, a me fluorocarbon ore (Sichuan mine)

(2) Nā huahana metallurgical diluted

Ke ulu mau nei ka ʻoihana honua maʻamau ma Kina, ke holomua nei ka ʻenehana, ke hoʻonui mau nei ke kaulahao ʻoihana, a ke hoʻoponopono mau nei ka ʻenehana ʻoihana a me ka hoʻolālā huahana. I kēia manawa, ua lilo i mea kūpono. ʻO ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā huahana honua ʻokoʻa ua hiki i ka hapalua o ka nui o ka nui o nā huahana, e hoʻokō pono ana i nā pono o nā mākeke kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē. I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā huahana,nā ʻokikene honua laha ʻole ʻo ia nā huahana nui

(3)Metala laha ole a me Alloys

Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia nā metala a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ʻoihana metala a me nā ʻoihana hana mīkini. No nā makahiki he nui, ua hilinaʻi ka ʻoihana metala laha ʻole o Kina i ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai honua, nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana i ka ʻenehana hoʻomākaukau a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana. ʻOi aku i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka piʻi nui ʻana o ka noi ma ka mākeke noi huahana, ua ulu wikiwiki ka ʻoihana metala honua a ua piʻi wikiwiki ka hana.

Mai ka 1980s, ua ulu wikiwiki ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā metala maʻamau i ke kahua o nā mea hana hana. I nā makahiki 1990, me ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana ʻike uila, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ulu paʻa o ka hana ʻana i ka hao boron mau mea mana a me nā mea mālama hydrogen honua.

ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi mau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o nā mea hana o ka honua laha ua waiho i nā koi kiʻekiʻe no ka maikaʻi o nā huahana metala honua ma ke ʻano he kumu no nā mea hana honua. Pono ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopaʻa wai hydrogen honua i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā metala honua laha ʻole i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hana fluoride me ka paʻakai hoʻoheheʻe electrolysis me ka maʻemaʻe huahana kiʻekiʻe. Me ka hoʻonui mau ʻana o ke kahua noi o ka hao boron mau mea magnet, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka metala i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka calcium thermal reduction method e ka hao a me ka cobalt alloys i hana ʻia e ka fluoride system molten salt electrolysis. ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻoheheʻe electrolysis paʻakai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka ʻōnaehana nitride ua lilo i ka ʻenehana nui no ka hana ʻana i nā metala honua a me nā alloys i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea hana o ka honua.

(4) Nā huahana ʻē aʻe

Nui nā ʻano mea like ʻole o ka honua me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana. Ma waho aʻe o nā huahana i luna, aia nā mea maloʻo honua, nā mea hoʻohui i hoʻohana ʻia i nā pena a me nā uhi, nā stabilizers honua a me nā mea hoʻololi honua, a me ka hoʻololi anti-aging o nā plastics, nylon, etc. ke hoʻonui nei kā lākou noi noi, a ke hoʻonui mau nei ka mākeke.

笔记