Introduction: Hoʻopili i ka nexus ikehu ma waena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau pololei a me ka ʻimi ākea hohonu
Neodymium oxide (Nd₂O₃), he mea hoʻolālā i kahonua lahaʻohana, ʻo ia ka wahie kumu o ka hoʻololi magnet mau loa. Mai nā kaʻa kaʻa o nā kaʻa uila a Tesla a hiki i nā mea ʻike kiʻekiʻe o ka Mars rovers, ʻo ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ikehu magnetic i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kāna ʻano molekala ke hoʻololi hou nei i ka manaʻo kumu o ka ikehu, ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana aerospace i ka ulu ʻana o ka noi honua o 12% i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma ka 2025, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mākeke honua ma mua o 4.7 biliona kālā, ʻo Kina, Australia a me Brazil ke kaua mineral, e hoʻoholo pololei i ke kaʻina hana o ka hanauna hou o ka ʻenehana.
ʻO ke kūpaʻa o ka hale molekala i kinai ʻia ma 2270°C
Nā aniani ʻulaʻula rose oneodymium oxidehōʻike i nā waiwai kupaianaha ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.
- ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu mākēneki: Hiki i ka ikehu hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka māla kristal i 1900cm, e hāʻawi ana i nā mea mana NdFeB he huahana ikehu ʻoi aku ma mua o 52MGOe.
- ʻO Thermodynamic Fortress: ʻO kona hiki ke noho ʻole ma 2270°C i loko o ka lewa nitrogen e lilo ia i mea pale pale i koho ʻia no nā ʻimi ākea hohonu.
- ʻO ka pahi kaua ʻelua ʻaoʻao kaiapuni: hydrolysis lohi i ka pH> 9, ke hoʻokele nei i nā holomua i ka ʻenehana recycling i pani ʻia - NanoMagnetics Laboratories i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ua loaʻa i kahi 92% regeneration rate o nā ʻōpala ʻoihana.
Mai ka pacemakers a hiki i ka fusion reactors: kahi palapala palapala ʻehā-dimensional o nā noi
1. ʻO ke kaua no ka hegemony magnet mau loa
Noho ʻo NdFeB i ka 78% o ka mākeke magnet mau loa o ka honua, pono kēlā me kēia 3MW wind turbine e hoʻopau i 2.3 tons o neodymium oxide. Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Hitachi Metals o Iapana i ke kaʻina HDDR, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka coercivity magnet i 35kOe, e hoʻolaha i ke kaʻaahi maglev breakthrough 600km / h wahi koʻikoʻi.
2. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu hou
Ua lele ʻo Neodymium-doped LiCoO₂ cathode i ka nui o ka ikehu o nā pākahi lithium-ion e 27%. I loko o ka Tesla 4680 pūʻolo pila,neodymium oxidehana ma ke ʻano he catalyst no nā kaila lawe electron, e hoʻoemi ana i ka pono o ka hoʻouka ʻana i 15 mau minuke.
3. Nā tikiki i ke au quantum
I loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoluʻu hoʻoheheʻe o IBM quantum computer, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa wela o ka neodymium oxide (0.8W/mK@4K) e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka paʻa o nā bits quantum ma 0.015K kaiapuni.
Geopolitics a me ka Green Paradox: Ice and Fire in Global Supply Chains
ʻO ke kāʻei neodymium i ka DRC e hoʻomalu i ka 62% o nā mea waiwai mua o ka honua, akā hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe e Kina (89% o nā patent). Kāhea ka US Department of Energy's Rare Earths Strategy 2030 i ka piʻi ʻana o 300% o ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono kūloko, aʻo ka EU's Carbon Boundary Assessment Method (CBAM) ke koi nei i nā hui e helu hou i kā lākou mau kapuaʻi kalapona mai kaʻu a i ka mea kanu magnet.
Ke kahua kaua o ka wā e hiki mai ana: Nā Crystal Artificial a me Biomining i ke kaua o ka Breaking Ground
1. Nā ʻenehana ʻokoʻa kipi
- ʻO Ce₂Fe14B hoʻokahi aniani i mahi ʻia ma JASRI Synchrotron Radiation Center ma Iapana ua loaʻa iā 83% o ka huahana ikehu magnetic o nā magnet neodymium.
- ʻO nā protein vesicle magnetic i unuhi ʻia mai ka archaea pūnāwai wela hohonu, e ʻike ana i ka bioconcentration o nā ion neodymium ma ka lumi wela a me ke kaomi.
2. Ka hoohalike hoomau
ʻO ka ʻenehana plasma atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka Fraunhofer Institute ma Kelemānia e hoʻomalu i ka mānoanoa o ka neodymium oxide coatings ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 3.2 nm a hoʻonui i ka helu hoʻohana waiwai i 99.8%.
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I ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka mine Mount Weld ma Australia i nā robots pōmaikaʻi AI, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu kalapona i kēlā me kēia tona o ka neodymium oxide e 42% - ke hōʻike nei anei kēia i kahi hoʻololi o ka honua? Ma lalo o nā koi ʻelua o ka quantum computing a me ka hoʻohui pū ʻana, ua ʻoi aku ka waiwai o ka neodymium oxide ma mua o nā metala ikehu kuʻuna, a ua lilo ia i mea hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ke aupuni ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana.
No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā laʻana manuahi o nā huahana rare earth a i ʻole e aʻo i nā ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i nā huahana rare earth, aloha maikāhea iā mā˚ou
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Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-26-2025