Torbiumno ka māhele o ka mokuahi nui o nā pūpū kaumaha, me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ka pā o ka honua ma ka 1.1 ppm.TombIum OxmideNā moʻokāki no ka liʻiliʻi ma lalo o 0,01% o nā Honua Hapa. ʻOiai i loko o keʻano o ka nui o ka inoa o ke aloha nui i ka honua e pili ana i ka nui o ka terbium, kaʻike o ka terbium wale nō no 1.1-1.2% o ka huinaka hiʻuʻona, e hōʻike ana i nā mea i loko o ka "noble" oka hiʻuʻonamau mea. No ka 100 mau makahiki mai ka loaʻaʻana o ka loaʻaʻana o ka tsbium ma 1843, ua pale aku konaʻano i kāna noi pono no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ia wale nō i 30 mau makahiki i halatorbiumua hōʻike i kāna talena kūʻokoʻa.
Loaʻa'āhaʻao
Swedish Chemist carl gustaf i loaʻa i ka terbium i loaʻa i ka terbium i ka makahiki 1843. Uaʻikeʻo ia i kona mau haumia i lokoyttrium OxideaY2o3. Yttriumua kapaʻiaʻo ia ma hope o ke kauhale o ITby ma Suetena. Ma mua o ka puka mai o kaʻenehana hoʻololi o kaʻenehana i loko
Ua māhele muaʻo Mosseranderyttrium OxideI nā'āpanaʻekolu, nā inoa a pau ma hope o nā ores ores:yttrium Oxide, Erbium oxmium, atombIum Oxmide. TombIum Oxmideua hana muaʻia i kahi'āpana pink, ma muli o ke kumu i kēia manawa iʻikeʻiaErbium. Erbium oxmium(komo pū me ka mea a mākou e kāhea aku ai i ka terbium)ʻo ia ka mea ma mua o kahi'āpana kalaʻole i loko o ka hopena. Ua manaʻoʻia ka Oxide o kēia element o ke kala.
Ua loaʻa iā ia nā poʻe hana hope ma hope e nānā i nā kala liʻiliʻiʻole "Erbium oxmium", Akā,ʻaʻole hiki ke nānāʻia ka wahiʻulaʻula. Ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma luna o ke ola oErbium oxmiumua ulu houʻia. I nā kēla, ua hoʻihoʻiʻia ka inoa o nā inoa, he mau'āpanaʻiaʻo nā inoa, no laila ua maʻalahi ka hapa ka mīkini i ka hopena e noʻonoʻo ana i ka hopena ma ka hapaʻole. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ia i kēia manawa e hoʻohana i nā limahana e hoʻohana i ka sodium a iʻole nā ipu o ka solimite e wehe i ka cerium dioxide cerium dioxide maiyttrium Oxidee hoʻohuliʻoleʻiatorbiumi loko o cerum i loaʻa nā mea nui. I kēia manawa uaʻikeʻiatorbium', ma kahi o 1% o ka mea muayttrium Oxidei kēia manawa, akā lawa kūpono kēia e lawe i kahi kala kala māmā iyttrium Oxide. ^. No laila,torbiumhe mea kekona ka lua o ka mea i loaʻa mua, a ua kāohiʻiaʻia e kona mau'ōlelo kāhea,GADLIINIMEadysprosiume.
Ma hope aʻe, i kēlā me kēia manawaka hiʻuʻonaUa hoʻokaʻawaleʻia nā mea i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia mai kēiaʻano hana, e like me ka hapa o ka oxide, ua hoʻomau ka inoa o ka terbium a hiki i katorbiumua loaʻa ma keʻano maʻemaʻe. ʻAʻole i hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi i ka kenekulia 19
Hoʻopaʻa ka uila
ʻO ka laʻa uila:
1s2 2S2 3002 3s22 3006 4s2 5D10 4P6 6Ds2 4D9
Ka hoʻonohonoho uila o katorbiumis [xe] 6s24f9. ʻO ka maʻamau, heʻekolu wale nō nā electrons e hiki ke laweʻia ma mua o ka ukuʻana o ka nukle ma mua o ka ukuʻana o ka nuklea Eia nō naʻe, ma keʻano otorbium, ua piha ka semitorbiumʻAeʻia no ka inoa hou o ka leka uila ma kaʻaoʻao o kahi o ka oxidant ikaika loa e like me ka maʻi fluorine.
Mea meta
Torbiumhe mea hao keleawe keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo me ka'ūlū, paʻakikī, a me ka mālie e hiki keʻokiʻia me ka pahi. Menence Point 1360 ℃, papa wā kiko'ī 3123 ℃, keoi ke 8kg / m3. Ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia me nā mea maʻamau Lanthande, ua paʻa ia i ka lewa. ʻO ka elemakule o nā mea kanu o Lanthande,ʻo Terbium, kahi mea momona koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka wai e hana ai i ka wai hydrogen.
I ke aniani,torbiumʻaʻole i loaʻa i kahi mea hana manuahi, e hōʻikeʻia i loko o nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma nā'āpana phospoporous cerium misrium serrium gerium gerellium yttrium ore.TorbiumNā COEEEET me nā mea'ē aʻe i nā mea'ē aʻe ma Monazite Sand, me kahi mea maʻamau 0.03% 1% Terbium. ʻO nā kumuwaiwai'ē aʻe e pili ana i ka phosphate yttrium
Noi
Ka palapala noitorbiumʻO ka hapa nui e pili ana i nā mahina kiʻekiʻe,ʻo ia ka mea maʻa mauʻia a me kaʻike i nā hana coving-lith me nā pono waiwai nui, me ka maikaʻiʻoi aku.
ʻO nā wahi noi nui e komo ai:
(1) Hoʻohana i keʻano o nā'ōiwi i kāwiliʻia. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hoʻohanaʻiaʻo ia ma keʻano he cortilizer cortilizer a me nā meaʻai hānai no ka mahiʻai.
(2) Stitutor no ka pauna'ōmaʻomaʻo ma nā papa he nui o nā fluor fluorscent. Pono nā lako o ka noeʻana i nā nanekoe i kēia mau kala o nā kokaʻelua, kaʻulaʻula,'ōmaʻomaʻo,ʻo ka uliuli, hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e hiki ke kiʻi i nā kala likeʻole. Atorbiumhe mea hoʻohuihui i loko o nā mea nui kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe-maikaʻi.
(3) Hoʻohanaʻia e like me ka mea kūʻai akuʻo Magneto Ogneto. Ua hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Amorhod i ke kaʻa Traxium i hoʻohana i nā kiʻina Metal Alloy i hoʻohanaʻia e hana i nā discs kiʻekiʻe-hana kiʻekiʻe.
(4) ka hanaʻana i ka aniani optical optical. ʻO ke anianiʻo Faraday Collect e loaʻa ana i ka terbium kahi mea nui no ka hanaʻana i nā mea hao, nā mea kūʻai aku, a me nā mea e pili ana i kaʻenehana laser.
(5)ʻO ka hoʻomohalaʻana a me ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka terbium dysprosum ferropsittium ferromagnettik ferropsive Alloy (Terfenol) ua wehe i nā noi hou.
No ka mahiʻai a me nā holoholona holoholona
Ka hiʻuʻonatorbiumhiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i keʻano o nā huaʻai a hoʻonui i ka nui o nā photosynthesis i loko o kahi ākea kūpono. ʻO nā mea paʻakikī o ka terbium kahi hana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a me nā mea he nui o nā wahi o katorbium, TB Hāʻawi ke aʻoʻana o kēia mau paʻakikī i kahi kuhikuhi noiʻi hou no nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou o nā mea hana hou.
Hoʻohanaʻia ma ke kula o ka luminecence
Pono nā lako o ka noeʻana i nā nanekoe i kēia mau kala o nā kokaʻelua, kaʻulaʻula,'ōmaʻomaʻo,ʻo ka uliuli, hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e hiki ke kiʻi i nā kala likeʻole. Aʻo ka terbium kahi mea i loaʻaʻole i ka nui o nā mea kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe. Inā ka hānauʻana o ka hānauʻana o ka Honua Tv Flirores Trans Red Fluorescent PawderyttriumaEoupium, A laila ua hoʻolahaʻia ka noi a me ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka terbium e ka Honua Relas iʻekolu mau wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no nā kukui. I nā makahiki 1980, ua hanaʻo Philips i ka honua mua o ka honua-mālama i ke kukui Hiki i nā TB3 + Ion i ke kukui'ōmaʻomaʻo me kahi lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 545NM, a kokoke i ka honua holoʻokoʻa āpau e hoʻohana aitorbium, ma keʻano he mea hana.
Ua hoʻohana nuiʻia ka pauʻana o ke kukui'ōmaʻomaʻo no nā'āpana sthode rat cardde chesh Me ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka nui o ke kīwī kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe-wehewehe (HDTV), kiʻekiʻe nā mea momona ʻO ka laʻana, ua hoʻomohalaʻia kahi kīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīwīʻia,ʻo Al, Ga)
ʻO ka papa hana maʻamau X-Ray Fliorescent Pawder I nā makahiki 1970 a me 1980,ʻoi aku ka nui o ka leleʻana i nā powa i nā pohutorbium, ho'āla i ka lanthanum sulfide culdide oxde, terbium i hanaʻia i ka cromal bromde (no nā screens screents. Hoʻohālikelike me kaʻohiʻana o ka calcium,ʻoi aku ka lehulehu o ka honua. Ua hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Terbium ma keʻano he fluores fluorestet student form--ray e hoʻoikaika i nā kiʻi o ka x-ray i keʻano o ke kino x-ray i keʻano o ke kanaka
TorbiumUa hoʻohanaʻiaʻo ia ma keʻano he mea hana i ka White Photos Photos Photos Phosphor Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e hana i nā phosponum alumika i nā phosphors cristrat. E hoʻohana ana i nā huapalapala polū e nānā ai i ka māmā o kaʻulaʻula
Nā mea heluhelu uila i hanaʻia mai ka terbium nui i ka nui o ka ginc sulfide green flufide a me katorbiume like me ka mea hana. Ma lalo o Ultravietlelet irradiation, nā mea paʻakikī o ka terbium o ka torbium e hiki ke hoʻonui i nā flurores he nui a hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e like me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni uila. ʻOiai ua hana nuiʻia ka holomua nui ma ke aʻoʻana oka hiʻuʻonaʻO nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni liʻiliʻi kūpono: a loaʻa iāʻoe nāʻimi ma waena o ka pona uila iʻoi aku ma ka pihaʻana o ka mika
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka fluorescence o ka terbium i hoʻohanaʻia e like me ka poʻe maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ka tloxucin terbium (tb3 +) a me ka haunaele o ka fluerberancle Ua hōʻike nā hopena i keʻano o ka oloxacin tb3 + hiki ke hana i kahi mea kanu grove me nā dna molecles e hoʻonui nui i ka maʻi o ka oloxacin tb3 +'ōnaehana. E pili ana i kēia hoʻololi, hiki ke hoʻoholoʻiaʻo Deoxyribolacletic acid.
No nā mea waiwai optical
Nā mea hana me ka hana faraday,ʻikeʻia e like me nā mea optita-optical, i hoʻohana nuiʻia i nā mea hana a me nā mea hoʻohana'ē aʻe. ʻElua mauʻano maʻamau o nā mea koho optical optical I waena o lākou, magneto-optical cristtical (e like me ka hānauʻana o ka maʻi a me ka lōʻihi o ka hanaʻana. Eia kekahi, he nui nā crystals overto-optical me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe loa i nā kihi kiʻekiʻe loa i loaʻa i ka nui o nā neʻe pōkole Hoʻohālikelikeʻia me nā crystals optical crystals, nā aniani optical optical i loaʻa ka pono o ka transmit a he mea maʻalahi ke hanaʻia i loko o nā poloka nui a iʻole nā fibers. I kēia manawa,ʻo nā aniani eptical-optical me nā hopena kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe loa i ka hopena o ka honua i loko o ka honua i hoʻopaʻaʻia.
Hoʻohanaʻia no nā mea mālama pono i nā mea kūʻai aku
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka hoʻomohala wikiwikiʻana o ka multimedia a me ka autita auteration, ke piʻi nei ke koi no nā puka kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Amorhod i ke kaʻa Traxium i hoʻohana i nā kiʻina Metal Alloy i hoʻohanaʻia e hana i nā discs kiʻekiʻe-hana kiʻekiʻe. I waena o lākou,ʻo ka kiʻi paʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻiʻo TbFem Ua hanaʻiaʻo Terbium ma nā mea i kohoʻia ma nā mea koho balota ma kahi nui, a me nā disc overtio-optical i hanaʻia e like me ka mālamaʻana o nā kamepiula. Loaʻa iā lākou nā mea pono o ka nui o ka nui a me ka wikiwiki wikiwiki, a hiki ke holoiʻia a me nā'āpana he nui i hoʻohanaʻia no nā kihi kiʻekiʻe He mau mea nui lākou i kaʻikeʻenehana uila. ʻO ka mea maʻamau maʻamau i hoʻohanaʻia ma nā mea iʻikeʻia ma nā mea iʻikeʻia a kokoke i nā mea iʻikeʻia a me nā mea kūʻai akuʻo Magneto.
No ke aniani optical optical
Loaʻa i ka Fauraday Marneto Glass Glass Glass GRISPPIENTY a me Isotroy ma nā wahi iʻikeʻia a hiki ke hana i nāʻano paʻakikī likeʻole. He mea maʻalahi ke hana i nā huahana nui a hiki ke kiʻiʻia i loko o nā mea koho optical. No laila, he mau mea kokoke loa ia i nā hana keleponaʻo Magneto i piliʻia e nā mea nānā optical, a me nā mana kittic otchtical i kēia manawa. Ma muli o kāna manawa nui magnetic a me nā mea liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi iʻikeʻia ma kaʻike a me ka infrared paha, e hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo TB3 +.
Terbium dysprosix ferromagmetostika
I ka pauʻana o ka makahiki 20, me ka deepening mau loa o ka huiʻana o ka honua I ka makahiki 1984,ʻo Iowa Community University. ʻO kēia mau mea akamai i loaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o ka hoʻololi wikiwikiʻana i ka ikaika uila i loko o ka ikehu mīkini. Ua hoʻonohonohoʻia ka transd i lalo o lalo a me nā koho balota o nā'ōhua i hoʻopiʻiʻia i nā'ōnaehana o ke kolepa, a me nā'ōnaehanaʻo Mahu o ka Hale Hoʻohanohano. No laila, i ka wā e hānauʻia ai ka trbium dysprocium hao i hānauʻia, ua loaʻa iā ia ka nānāʻana i nā'āina'ē aʻe a puni ka honua. Hoʻopili i nāʻenehana loea maʻAmelika Huipūʻia Dysprobiumʻala i nā mea nui ma 1989 a me Ausetalia,ʻo Lūkini,ʻoʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa,ʻoʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa,ʻoʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa,ʻoʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa,ʻoʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa
Mai ka mōʻaukala o ke kūkuluʻana i kēia mea maʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa,ʻo nā noi a nā mea e pili ana i kaʻoihana kanaka (e like me ka Navy). ʻOiai e hoʻoikaika ana nā pūʻali koa a Kina a me ka paleʻana i ko lākouʻikeʻana i kēiaʻike. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hoʻoikaika nuiʻana o ka ikaika o ke aupuni o Kina,ʻo ka noi no ka hoʻokōʻana i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻokūkū 21 a me ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i nā pae āpau. No laila, hoʻohana ka Westerp i ka T TerbiumʻO KeeʻokeʻoʻAmelika i nā mea a nā pūʻali koa he nui a me nātional Deciente Waterna He Mana Pono.
I ka pōkole, nā waiwai maikaʻi loa otorbiumE hana ia i kahi lālā koʻikoʻi o nā mea hana he nui a me kahi kūlana paʻaʻole i kekahi mau kula noi. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka trbium, ua aʻoʻia nā kānaka pehea e pale ai a hōʻemi i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka torbium i mea e hoʻemi ai i nā kumukūʻai hana. ʻO ka laʻana,ʻo RARE ENGTO-E hoʻohana i nā mea optical e hoʻohana i nā uku haʻahaʻadysprosium haoCobelt a iʻole Gadolilium Terbium CBABUM COBET e like me ka hiki; E ho'āʻo e hōʻemi i nāʻike o ka terbium i loko o ka pua pua'ōmaʻomaʻo e pono ai e hoʻohana. Ua lilo ke kumukūʻai i kahi mea nui e kaupalena ai i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i katorbium. ^. Akāʻaʻole hiki i nā mea hana hana ke hanaʻoleʻole, no laila, e pili ana mākou i ke kumu o ka "e hoʻohana ana i ke kila maikaʻi" a ho'āʻo e mālama i ka hoʻohanaʻana otorbiume like me ka hiki.
Post manawa: Oct-25-2023