Hoʻolauna i nā ʻano Honua Lakaʻikaʻi

Māmāhonua lahaa kaumahahonua laha

· Māmāhonua laha

·Lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium,neodymium, promethium,samarium, europium, gadolinium.

· Kaumahahonua laha

·Terbium,dysprosium,holmium, erbium,thulium,ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, ayttrium.

· E like me nā ʻano mineral, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i lokoceriumhui ayttriumhui

·Ceriumhui (māmāhonua laha)

·Lanthanum,cerium,praseodymium,neodymium, promethium,samarium,europium.

· Hui Yttrium (heavy rare earth)

·ʻO Gadolinium, hoʻopaʻapaʻa,dysprosium,holmium,erbium,thulium,ytterbium,lutetium,scandium, ayttrium.

maʻamauhonua lahamau mea

·Maʻamaunā ʻāina laha ʻoleua maheleia i: monazite, bastnaesite,yttriumphosphate, leaching type oka, a me ka lanthanum vanadium limonite.

Monazite

· Monazite, ʻike ʻia ʻo phosphocerium lanthanide ore, loaʻa i loko o ka pegmatite a me ka granite; Pōhaku carbonate metala laha; I ka quartzite a me ka quartzite; Ma Yunxia syenite, feldspar aegirite, a me alkaline syenite pegmatite; ʻO nā veins ʻano Alpine; I loko o ka pōhaku i hui pū ʻia a me ka ʻōpala a me ke one one. Ma muli o ke kumu kumu nui o ka monazite me ka waiwai mining waiwai he alluvial a i ʻole nā ​​waiho one kahakai, ua māhele nui ʻia ma nā kahakai o Australia, Brazil, a me India. Eia kekahi, ʻo Sri Lanka, Madagascar, South Africa, Malaysia, Kina, Thailand, South Korea, North Korea a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā waihona nui o ka monazite, i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka unuhi ʻana i nā mea o ka honua. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hōʻike ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka monazite i kahi hiʻohiʻona i lalo, ma muli o ka mea radioactive thorium element i loko o kāna ʻai, he mea ʻino ia i ke kaiapuni.

ʻO ka haku mele a me nā waiwai: (Ce, La, Y, Th) [PO4]. ʻOkoʻa loa ka haku mele ʻana. ʻO ka maʻiʻo onā ʻokikene honua laha ʻolei loko o ka hui mineral hiki ke hiki i 50-68%. ʻO nā hui isomorphic me Y, Th, Ca, [SiO4], a me [SO4].

Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka Monazite ma H3PO4, HClO4, a me H2SO4.

· ʻO ke ʻano kristal a me ka moʻokalaleo: ʻōnaehana kristal monoclinic, ʻano ʻano aniani kolamu rhombic. ʻO ke aniani ke ʻano like me ka pā, a ʻo ka ʻili aniani ke loaʻa i nā ʻōniʻoniʻo a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano kolamu, conical, a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻano granular.

·Nā waiwai kino: He melemele ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele, ʻulaʻula, a ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kekahi manawa. Semi aniani a maopopo. He keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula paha nā kaha. Loaʻa i kahi aniani aniani ikaika. ʻO ka paʻakikī 5.0-5.5. Embrittlement. Aia ka gravity kiko'ī mai 4.9 a 5.5. Nā waiwai electromagnetic nāwaliwali. Hoʻopuka i nā kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma lalo o nā kukui X. ʻAʻole e hoʻokuʻu i ka mālamalama ma lalo o nā kukuna cathode.

Yttriumphosphate oka

·PosphorusyttriumʻO ka mea nui i hana ʻia i loko o ka granite, granite pegmatite, a me ka alkaline granite a me nā waihona mineral pili. Hoʻopuka ʻia ma kahi wahi. Hoʻohana: Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mineral maka no ka unuhi ʻanahonua lahanā mea i hoʻonui ʻia i ka nui.

· Kemeka haku mele a me nā waiwai: Y [PO4]. Aia ka haku meleY2O361.4% a me P2O5 38.6%. Aia kahi hui oyttriumhuihonua lahamau mea, nuiytterbium, erbium, dysprosium, agadolinium. Nā mea e like mezirconium, ka uranium, a me ka thorium e pani hou anayttrium, oiaisilikapani pū kekahi i ka phosphorus. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻo ka ʻike o ka uranium i ka phosphorusyttriumʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻai ma mua o ka thorium. Ka waiwai kemika oyttriumpaʻa ka phosphate ore. ʻO ke ʻano aniani a me ka moʻokalaleo: ʻōnaehana kristal tetragonal, ʻano kristal biconical tetragonal paʻakikī, ma ke ʻano granular a me ka poloka.

Nā waiwai kino: melemele, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, melemele ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kekahi manawa, ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO nā ʻōniʻoniʻo he ʻeleʻele māmā. Luster aniani, luster grease. ʻO ka paʻakikī 4-5, gravity kiko'ī 4.4-5.1, me ka polychromism nāwaliwali a me ka radioactivity.

Lanthanum vanadium epidote

Ua hoʻokuʻu kahi hui noiʻi hui mai ke Kulanui ʻo Yamaguchi, ke Kulanui ʻo Ehime, a me ke Kulanui o Tokyo ma Iapana i kahi kamaʻilio e hōʻike ana ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻano mineral hou i loaʻa nā honua laha ʻole ma Sanchong Prefecture.honua laha oleHe kuleana koʻikoʻi nā mea i ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻoihana kuʻuna a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kula kiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia ka mineral hou ma nā mauna o Ise City, Sanchong Prefecture i ʻApelila 2011, a he ʻano kūikawā o ka epidote brown i loaʻa.honua laha lanthanuma me vanadium metala kakaikahi. Ma Malaki 1, 2013, ua ʻike ʻia kēia mineral he mineral hou e ka International Association of Mineralogy a kapa ʻia ʻo "lanthanum vanadium limonite".

Nā hiʻohiʻona ohonua lahanā minelala a me ka morphology oka

Nā hiʻohiʻona nui ohonua lahanā minerala

1、 ʻO ka nele o nā sulfides a me nā sulfates (he mau mea ʻē aʻe wale nō) e hōʻike ana he pili ka oxygen i nā mea ʻokoʻa honua.

2 、honua laha oleʻO ka nui o nā silicates e like me ka mokupuni, ʻaʻohe papa, ʻano like, a i ʻole nā ​​kaulahao e like me nā hale;

3. Kekahihonua lahanā minelala (ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā oxides a me nā silicates) e hōʻike i nā kūlana amorphous;

4、 Ka puunaue ana ohonua lahaʻO ka nui o nā minelala he silicates a me nā oxides i loko o nā pōhaku magmatic a me nā pegmatites, ʻoiai ʻo nā fluorocarbonates a me nā phosphates aia ka nui i loko o ka hydrothermal a me nā waiho ʻana o ka ʻūhā; ʻO ka hapa nui o nā minerala waiwai i ka yttrium aia i loko o ka granite e like me nā pōhaku a me nā pegmatites e pili ana, nā waihona hydrothermal i hana ʻia i ke kinoea, a me nā waihona hydrothermal;

5 、honua laha olenoho pū nā mea i loko o ka mineral hoʻokahi ma muli o ko lākou ʻano hana atomika like, kemika a me nā waiwai kemika aniani. ʻo ia,ceriumayttrium honua lahahui pinepine nā mea i loko o ka mineral hoʻokahi, akā ʻaʻole hui pū kēia mau mea i ka nui like. Hoʻokumu nui ʻia kekahi mau mineralacerium honua lahanā mea, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i haku nui ʻiayttrium.

ʻO ke kūlana hanana ohonua lahanā mea i loko o nā minerala

Ma ke ʻano,honua lahaHoʻonui nui ʻia nā mea i loko o ka granite, nā pōhaku alkaline, nā pōhaku ultrabasic alkaline, a me nā waihona mineral pili. ʻEkolu mau mokuʻāina nui o ka hiki ʻana mai ohonua lahanā mea i loko o nā minelala e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā kemika kristal.

(1)honua laha olekomo nā mea i loko o ka lattice o nā minerala a lilo i mea koʻikoʻi o nā minerala. ʻO kēia ʻano mineral ka mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo nā minerala honua. ʻO ka Monazite (REPO4) a me ka bastnaesite ([La, Ce] FCO3) no kēia māhele.

(2)honua laha oleua hoʻopuehu ʻia nā mea i loko o nā minela ma ke ʻano o ka isomorphic substitution o nā mea e like me Ca, Sr, Ba, Mn, Zr, etc. He nui kēia ʻano mineral i ke ʻano, akā ʻohonua lahaʻano haʻahaʻa ka ʻike i loko o ka hapa nui o nā minerala. komohonua laha oleʻO ka fluorite a me ka apatite no kēia māhele.

(3)honua laha oleAia nā mea ma ka ʻili a i ʻole ma waena o nā ʻāpana o kekahi mau minela i loko o kahi kūlana adsorption ionic. Aia kēia ʻano mineral i ka ʻano mineral leaching crust, a ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ion o ka honua ma luna o ka minerala a me ka pōhaku makua o ka mineral ma mua o ka hoʻoilo.

E pili ana. ʻO ka maʻiʻo maʻamau ohonua lahaʻO nā mea i loko o ka ʻōpala he 165.35 × 10-6 (Li Tong, 1976). Ma ke ʻano,honua lahaAia nā mea nui ma ke ʻano o nā minerala hoʻokahi, ahonua lahanā minerala a me nā minerala i loaʻahonua lahanā mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka honua

Aia ma luna o 250 mau ʻano mea, mehonua lahamaʻiʻo Σ Aia he 50-65 mau ʻano minerala honua laha ʻole me REE>5.8%, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he kūʻokoʻa.honua lahanā minerala. ʻO ka mea nuihonua lahaʻO nā mineral ka nui o ka fluorocarbonate a me ka phosphate.

Ma waena o 250 mau ʻano ohonua lahanā minerala a me nā minerala i loaʻahonua lahanā mea i ʻike ʻia, aia ma luna o 10 mau minela ʻoihana kūpono no nā kūlana metallurgical o kēia manawa.