ʻO Barium ma Bolognite

arium, mea 56 o ka papa kuokoa.

ʻO ka barium hydroxide, ka barium chloride, ka barium sulfate… he mea maʻamau i nā puke kula kiʻekiʻe. I ka makahiki 1602, ua ʻike ka poʻe alchemist komohana i ka pōhaku Bologna (i kapa ʻia ʻo "pōhaku lā") hiki ke hoʻopuka i ka mālamalama. He mau kristal luminescent liʻiliʻi kēia ʻano oka, e hoʻopuka mau i ka mālamalama ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i ka lā. ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona i hoihoi i nā kupua a me nā alchemist. I ka makahiki 1612, ua paʻi ka mea ʻepekema ʻo Julio Cesare Lagara i ka puke "De Phenomenis in Orbe Lunae", nāna i hoʻopaʻa i ke kumu o ka luminescence o ka pōhaku Bologna i loaʻa mai kāna mea nui, barite (BaSO4). Eia nō naʻe, i ka makahiki 2012, hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻike ʻo ke kumu maoli o ka luminescence o ka pōhaku Bologna mai ka barium sulfide doped me nā ion keleawe monovalent a me divalent. I ka makahiki 1774, ua ʻike ʻo Scheler ke kāmeka Suedena i ka barium oxide a kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "Baryta" (honua kaumaha), akā ʻaʻole loaʻa ka barium metala. ʻAʻole a hiki i ka makahiki 1808 i loaʻa ai i ka mea lapaʻau Pelekane ʻo David kahi metala maʻemaʻe haʻahaʻa mai ka barite ma o ka electrolysis, ʻo ia ka barium. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ma hope o ka huaʻōlelo Helene barys (kaumaha) a me ka hōʻailona elemental Ba. ʻO ka inoa Kina ʻo "Ba" mai ka Kangxi Dictionary, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea hao keleawe ʻole i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.

Metala Bariumʻeleu loa a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka ea a me ka wai. Hiki ke ho'ohana 'ia no ka wehe 'ana i ke kinoea i loko o nā paipu po'o a me nā paipu ki'i, a me ka hana 'ana i nā mea hao, nā mea ahi a me nā reactors nuklea. I ka makahiki 1938, ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka barium i ko lākou aʻo ʻana i nā huahana ma hope o ka pana ʻana i ka uranium me nā neutrons lohi, a manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka barium kekahi o nā huahana o ka uranium nuclear fission. ʻOiai he nui nā ʻike e pili ana i ka barium metala, hoʻohana pinepine ka poʻe i nā pūhui barium.

ʻO ka pūhui mua i hoʻohana ʻia he barite - barium sulfate. Hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i loko o nā mea like ʻole he nui, e like me nā puaʻa keʻokeʻo i ka pepa kiʻi, pena, plastics, nā ʻāpana kaʻa kaʻa, ka lepo, ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpaʻa ʻana, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ʻai i ka wā gastroscopy. ʻO ka ʻai Barium "- he pauda keʻokeʻo ʻaʻole ʻono a ʻono ʻole, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka ʻaila, a ʻaʻole e komo ʻia e ka mucosa o ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka ʻakika ʻōpū a me nā wai kino ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o ka nui o ka atomic coefficient o ka barium, hiki iā ia ke hana i ka hopena photoelectric me ka X-ray, e hoʻomālamalama i ke ʻano X-ray, a hana i ka noe ma ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma hope o ka hele ʻana i nā ʻiʻo kanaka. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hōʻike, i hiki i nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻiʻo me ka ʻole o ka mea hoʻohālikelike ke hōʻike i ka ʻokoʻa ʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe ma ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni, i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka hopena nānā, a hōʻike maoli i nā loli pathological i loko o ke kino kanaka. ʻAʻole ʻo Barium he mea koʻikoʻi no ke kanaka, a hoʻohana ʻia ka barium sulfate insoluble i ka pāʻina barium, no laila ʻaʻole ia e hopena nui i ke kino o ke kanaka.

Akā ʻokoʻa kekahi mineral barium maʻamau, barium carbonate. Ma kona inoa wale nō, hiki ke hōʻike i kona pōʻino. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ma waena o ia a me ka barium sulfate ʻo ia ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka waika, e hana ana i nā ion barium hou aʻe, e alakaʻi ana i ka hypokalemia. He kakaikahi ka paʻakai paʻakai barium, ma muli o ka ʻai wale ʻia ʻana o nā paʻakai barium hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ua like nā hōʻailona me ka gastroenteritis acute, no laila ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hele i ka haukapila no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻōpū a i ʻole e lawe i ka sodium sulfate a i ʻole sodium thiosulfate no ka detoxification. ʻO kekahi mau mea kanu ka hana o ka ʻohi a hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka barium, e like me ka limu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi e pono ai ka barium e ulu maikaʻi; Loaʻa i nā hua Brazil ka 1% barium, no laila he mea nui e hoʻopau iā lākou i ka haʻahaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, he kuleana koʻikoʻi ka witherite i ka hana kemika. He mea ia o ka glaze. Ke hui pū ʻia me nā oxides ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i kahi kala kūʻokoʻa, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea kōkua i nā mea hoʻonaninani seramika a me ke aniani optical.

Hoʻohana mau ʻia ka hoʻokolohua endothermic reaction me ka barium hydroxide: ma hope o ka hui ʻana i ka barium hydroxide paʻa me ka paʻakai ammonium, hiki ke loaʻa kahi hopena endothermic ikaika. Inā hāʻule kekahi mau kulu wai ma lalo o ka pahu, ʻike ʻia ka hau i hana ʻia e ka wai, a hiki i nā ʻāpana aniani ke paʻa a paʻa i lalo o ka ipu. He alkalinity ikaika ka Barium hydroxide a hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he catalyst no ka synthesizing resins phenolic. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻokahe i nā ion sulfate a hana i nā paʻakai barium. Ma ke ʻano o ka nānā ʻana, ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka carbon dioxide i ka lewa a me ka loiloi nui o ka chlorophyll e pono ai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka barium hydroxide. I ka hana ʻana i nā paʻakai barium, ua hana ka poʻe i kahi noi hoihoi loa: ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kiʻi kiʻi ma hope o ke kahe ʻana o Florence i ka makahiki 1966 ua hoʻopau ʻia ma ka hana ʻana me ka gypsum (calcium sulfate) e hana i ka barium sulfate.

Hōʻike pū ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe i loaʻa i ka barium i nā mea kupanaha, e like me nā waiwai photorefractive o ka barium titanate; ʻO ka superconductivity kiʻekiʻe o ka YBa2Cu3O7, a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo nui o nā paʻakai barium i nā mea ahi, ua lilo ia i mea koʻikoʻi o nā mea barium.